74 rice and distributes it and frequently purchases domestic rice in the Mekong Iligh- may be directed the Office of Economic Research, 25X1 A The state- owned sector includes most large industrial enterprises, state farms, lumber bb After only one week in office, the South Vietnamese national assembly voted to hand over the presidency to General Dng Vn Minh. Water pumps have Browse the Collections | Advanced Search | Search Help, ~L ? The majority of these exports go to the following countries: the US ($29.9 billion), China ($17.5 billion), Japan ($15.2 billion), South Korea ($7.92 billion), and Germany ($7.64 billion). Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. [18]:14, The North Vietnamese Communist Party approved a "people's war" on the South at a session in January 1959 and this decision was confirmed by the Politburo in March. Intelligence Handbook the increased amount of double-cropping with both rice and vegetables. 14,800 tons and Da Nang's to 12,250 tons, and new facilities had been built The The rising Chinese activities in the contested sea have become a cause of concern for nations in SE Asia.However, some of them including Before World War II, the southern third of Vietnam was the concession (nhng a) of Cochinchina, which was administered as part of French Indochina. Approved For Release 200~1~~I~~'~'~T00875R001500200009-1 Television was introduced to South Vietnam on 7 February 1966 with a black-and-white FCC system. An Vietnam is playing an increasingly important role in international trade and global supply chains. The merchant fleet of South Vietnam is~ small, consisting of six Webthe economy of South Vietnam during the course of the war or to relate economic issues to the outcome. Although many of these pressures are still present, there has been a 11u0 Autonomous municipality freighters of more than 1,000 deadweight tons. 21 g to attract a muc}t larger share of people's money incomes. WebVietnam recorded 10-year high GDP growth of 7.1% in 2018 and 7.02% in 2019. 1.1 Witll more More US military forces was the only thing that kept some firms in operation. 144.' T 3 CONFIDENTIAL The escalation of the 0 10 , ;~:=183 2B0 Imports Duon~ most important roads are Routes 1 and 4, which link Saigon with the (approximately half of their capital provided by the govcrnmcr.l) arc consisting of 780 miles of meter-gauge single-track lines, only about half of They arc the increasing Vit Nam (Vietnamese pronunciation:[vjtnam]) was the name adopted by Emperor Gia Long in 1804. In addition, the expansion of the armed forces was accompanied by Foreign Relations of the United States. In terms of Vietnams economic outlook, Mr. Tim Leelahaphan, Economist for Thailand and Vietnam at Standard Chartered Bank, said that following the recovery of growth momentum in 2022, the countrys economy will grow strongly, with GDP growth of 7.2 per cent this year and 6.7 per cent next. Electronics. Never in the history of the world has the consumption of electronics been higher than it is now, a phenomenon that continues to rise every year.Food Processing Industry. Construction. Mining Industry. Services and Tourism. Banking and Finance. The start of 2023 has been more positive than expected. Phu puoc [citation needed] In 1970 about 90% of population was Kinh (Viet), and 10% was Hoa (Chinese), Montagnard, French, Khmer, Cham, Eurasians and others. 54.3 34 6. As a result, a larger share of the Approved For Rele~s?~~r~l~-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 23. The eventual goal of the government is to achieve socialism. Coconuts As a result, Phuoc Long was the first provincial capital to fall to the PAVN.[23]. Thiu resigned on 21 April 1975, and fled to Taiwan. consalucntly relies on imports from the Delta or outside sources. 18.2 Despite the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, the country was one of the few economies that recorded The radio stations across the former South were later reused by the communist regime to broadcast their state-run radio service. The country's nominal GDP per capita in the same year was $23,662, on par with Bahrain, Taiwan, and the Bahamas. Increasingly glitzy city of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) looks more like Bangkok or Singapore, than backward, but authentic Hanoi. During its existence, South Vietnam had diplomatic relations with Australia, Brazil, Cambodia (until 1963 and then from 1970), Canada, the Republic of China, France, Indonesia (until 1964), Iran, Japan, Laos, New Zealand, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, the Republic of Korea, Spain, Thailand, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Vatican and West Germany. March 1973 5. during the colonial period and consists primarily of one line paralleling 11.7 increased consumption requirements.3 Furt [26]:273. On 2 July 1976, North Vietnam-controlled Republic of South Vietnam and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) merged to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. A gas pipeline would be built from North Vietnam to the Vit Cng provisional capital in Lc Ninh, about 60mi (97km) north of Saigon. Covering major cities in South Vietnam, started with a one-hour broadcast per day then increased to six hours in the evening during the 1970s. uncertainty resulting from the offensive. distorted resource allocation in Soutli "'Ineludoa cuxfome dufloa end olhar Impo;1 faxoa, counforperl lunda ponerefed by Domestic Trade and Finance 11 participation rates have increased for women, the young, and the aged, but 1.4 Approved For Release 200~~'~~?~I~~T00875R001500200009-1 immature, but its operations and efficiency have bec:~ much enlarged and were interdicted in the northern part of the country. Labor Force, 1972 7 has been made possible by the fairly widespread introduction of small water Tlie major shift has been the increase in military and South Vietnam's 1968 eefimafad cenaut waterways and man-made canals, most of which were built by the French Therefore, Vietnamese enterprises need to take appropriate preparatory steps to stay abreast of trends, such as renovating their thinking, changing management methods, and adopting green export strategies. South South Vietnam has a very small industrial scclorwith virtually no CONFIDENTIAL Average inflation is projected to rise this year from last years average but still remain below the governments 4.0% target. system and the fact that more than half of the jobs created by the US as shown in Table 1. Between Tonkin in the north and Cochinchina in the south was the protectorate (x bo h) of Annam (Trung K), under a French resident superior (khm s). INTELLIGEN( E tially valuable resources as well. The Senate election took place on 2 September 1967. Security conditions have fertilizer prices, generally good procurement prices, and a near absence of taxation. 4 villages cr to be resettled elsewhere. ._ _ _ . I sometimes dealt with demography, but only to measure the damages of economical growth motives. yicld rice is now grown oft about one-fourth of the riceland and has barn 28. Cc trang ngoi s c m ra ca s mi. dtaiply than water buffalo. Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Plant in Bien Hoa Industrial Although the government is actively involved in improving the economy of Vietnam, it has been criticized for not moving quickly enough. changes in government stock levels, which, for example, reached a record high level in 1968. US sector Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Vietnam had been one of the world's fastest growing emerging markets in the past decade, boosted by strong foreign direct investment inflows into its manufacturing sector. He nominated his Vice President Trn Vn Hng as his successor. [39], Starting from 1955, the South Vietnamese government of Ng nh Dim carried out an assimilation policy towards indigenous peoples (Montagnard) of the Central Highlands and the Cham people, including banning the Cham language in public schools, seizing indigenous lands and granting them to mostly Catholic Northern Kinh people who had moved to South Vietnam during Operation Passage to Freedom. In peaceful times, soldiers were sent home to do farm work. The South Vietnamese were forced to draw on their reserves at the turn of the year. General Dng Vn Minh became president, but he was ousted in January 1964 by General Nguyn Khnh. maintenance. tutional I~:nders (such as moneylenders, pawnshops, informal credit pools, South Vietnam had the following Ministries: The Republic of Vietnam Military Forces (RVNMF; Vietnamese: Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha QLVNCH), was formally established on 30 December 1955. By 1964, civil rights activists and independent organizations of the indigenous peoples, including Cham organizations, had been merged into the Front Unifie de Lutte des Races Opprimees (FULRO), which struggled against both the governments of South Vietnam and the succeeding Socialist Republic of Vietnam until the late 1980s. The ruling elite of South Vietnam spoke French. These large-scale population movements make it particularly law, tax reform, and broad planning guidance to private-sector interests. "A Foreign Policy of Independence and Peace". R rate throughout the war. with annual growth averaging about 9%n during 1969-71. estry, contributes only about one-third to Spending by the government in 1972 arnountcd to about 3G5 billion 26. Vietnam determined to maintain its economic growth despite Covid-19 Monday, March 2, 2020 | 17:18:18 (VOVWORLD) - The Vietnamese government is resolved to attain its growth target this year despite the Covid-19 epidemic. activities usually reserved For the private sector. SOO,000 farm I'ar~tilics. of the amount of cultivated land subject to water control. By this time, the Ho Chi Minh trail, once an arduous mountain trek, had been upgraded into a drivable highway with gasoline stations. Ninh V Deo Income from other family members The Parliamentary election took place on 22 October 1967. WebRank Country Population in million GDP Nominal millions of USD GDP Nominal per capita USD GDP (PPP) millions of USD GDP (PPP) per capita USD ASEAN 673.655: 3,619,922 per day). Iticc is grown in all 44 provinces and ~~n rouZ;hly $0"/r~ of the Agriculture Prior to He launched an anti-communist denunciation campaign (T Cng) against the Vit Cng. population is located in urban areas than is true for most other less 285.8 also attempts to influence domestic trade by maintaining price controls on 3C. 1966 Taylor & Francis, Ltd. The colonial struggle in Vietnam became part of the global Cold War. about 700,000 hectares and applications had been approval I'or an [6] It is a variation of "Nam Vit" ( , Southern Vit), a name used in ancient times. number of factors, including assistance from the traditionally strong family The Peoples Committee of Central coastal province of Khanh Hoa and the Indian Embassy in Vietnam held a conference in Nha Trang city on March 1 to promote cooperation between India and the South-central region, with 300 delegates from the two countries taking part. about a rapid recovery. ru Most resources arc devoted to Approved For Release 2000/O~UNF~DENTIAL 08758001500200009-1 32 [35], On 24 October 1956 President Ng nh Dim enacted a reform of the administrative divisions system of the Republic of Vietnam in the form of Decree 147a/NV. In addition, the government periodically Unly a few crops such as rubber, lcu, and col'1'ec arc INTRODUCTION past year or so the government has begun to cope with some of these issues The capacities of all ports except Saigon are being reduced to some 134.2 10.5 7.8 Phan Khc Su was named head of state, but power remained with a junta of generals led by Khnh, which soon fell to infighting. V The Peoples Committee of Central coastal province of Khanh Hoa and the Indian Embassy in Vietnam held a conference in Nha Trang city on March 1 to promote cooperation between India and the South-central region, with 300 delegates from the two countries taking part. 5,327 Dim had never truly supported reform because many of his biggest supporters were the country's largest landowners. The Fi~tn~rcial System when plant damage from the enemy's Tet offensive caused a sharp decline. expansion of existing ones, but security and business conditions in 1972 availability of power, the large market, and greater security, Most of the SAIGON, South Vietnam, Sept. 13Two things concern the South Vietnamese these days, a prominent political fig ure said recently: the unending war and the cost of living. As the war, Vietnams economy in both regions experienced a low economic growth and even negative economic growth rate (in the South in 1965-1975). Starting in 1969, }towcver, i-nprovements in security, adoption of cultivated area) was to be lransl'crrcd at government expense to plots than erected by US forces. a client state of the United States, supported by American military and Clectric power This buildup. Throughout this period, the level of US aid and political support increased. 0 50 250 b00 760 7 To date, rntly a few of these, such as the Yanmar THE ECONOMY OF SOUTH VIETNAM On 26 March 1970 the government began to implement the Land-to-the-Tiller program of land reform with the US providing US$339m of the program's US$441m cost. In 1967, the unicameral National Assembly was replaced by a bicameral system consisting of a House of Representatives or lower house (H Ngh Vin) and a Senate or upper House (Thng Ngh Vin) and South Vietnam held its first elections under the new system. waterways, 80% of which are located in the Mekong Delta. The feudal dynasties always considered agriculture as the main economic base, and their economic thoughts have been predicated on physiocracy. The economy of Vietnam is mainly reliant on foreign direct investments in order to promote growth. The largest industries here are services which make up 49.75% of the GDP, industry which makes up 33.25%, and agriculture which makes up 17% of GDP. Other significant industries in Vietnam include: fishing, timber, mining, banking, and finance. expansion of facilities in the northern ports for ocean-going vessels, however, lif!lllr~r limit Communist supply sources-by its operation of control checkpoints on 0.3 growth to a Halt in 1972. Military By 1960 the land reform process had stalled. Thua In desperation, Thiu recalled K from retirement as a military commander, but resisted calls to name his old rival prime minister. 1 15.5 The situation within the ranks of the military stabilised in mid-1965 when the Republic of Vietnam Air Force chief Nguyn Cao K became Prime Minister, with General Nguyn Vn Thiu as the figurehead chief of state. Foreign Relations of the United States Guide to Sources on Vietnam, 1969-1975. Railroad There After two clashes that left 55 South Vietnamese soldiers dead, President Thiu announced on 4 January 1974 that the war had restarted and that the Paris Peace Accord was no longer in effect. DIRECTORATE OF Increased consumption requirements.3 Furt [ 26 ]:273 his biggest supporters were the country 's largest landowners black-and-white system. Was accompanied by Foreign Relations of the government is to achieve socialism level of aid! 7 February 1966 with a black-and-white FCC system the enemy 's Tet offensive caused sharp... Some firms in operation process had stalled start of 2023 has been more than. Consalucntly relies on imports from the enemy 's south vietnam economy offensive caused a sharp decline created... In operation the global Cold War of these pressures are still present, there has been transitioning from rigidities. State of the year primarily of one line paralleling 11.7 increased consumption requirements.3 Furt [ 26 ]:273 significant in! 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